These words must be read softly!
Soft tone is an important phonetic feature of mandarin. There is generally no phenomenon of soft tone in nanfang dialect, so it is a difficult point for people in southern dialects to learn mandarin. The difficulty lies in pronunciation and recognition. Therefore, to learn the light tone, one is to master the reading method of the light tone, the other is to know which words to read the light tone.
轻声是普通话的一个重要语音特点,轻声说不好,普通话就说不地道。南方方言中一般没有轻声现象,所以轻声是南方方言区人学习普通话的一个难点。难在发音和识别。因此,要学好轻声,一是要掌握轻声的读法,二是要清楚哪些词语读轻声。
1, the characteristics of the light tone and reading method
The pitch, length, tone and intensity of the soft syllables have all changed. However, the main phonetic features of soft tone are reflected in two aspects: first, the length of soft tone syllables is generally shorter than the length of normal stressed syllables. Second, the tone value (pitch form) of the soft tone syllable has changed, which is different from the original tone, forming a unique tone value.
1、轻声的特点和读法
轻声音节的音高、音长、音色、音强都发生了变化。但轻声最主要的语音特点体现在两个方面:一是轻声音节的音长一般短于正常重读音节的长度。二是轻声音节的调值(音高形式)已经改变,与原有声调不同,形成了独特的轻声调值。
According to the phonetic characteristics of the soft tone, the stressed syllables in the front can be lengthened and the stressed syllables in the back can be shortened. If you just shorten the length of the syllable, it still sounds strange, not the standard soft tone. At the same time of shortening the length, the original tone value must be changed to read the soft tone value.
根据轻声的语音特点,在练习轻声词时可以适度拉长前面的重读音节,尽量缩短后面的轻声音节,读出类似于附点音符的前长后短的节拍。如果只是缩短音节时长,听起来仍然是怪怪的,并不是标准的轻声。在缩短音长的同时,还必须改变原有调值,读出轻声调值。
3. The rule of soft tone
Most soft tones in mandarin are closely related to vocabulary and grammar:
"What?", "what?", "what?", etc.
Yeah? What about him? Look, let's go
(1) we have been living in the city for a long time. (2) we have been living in the city for a long time. (3) we have been living in the city for a long time.
See busy came my brave drink (good) friends
(3) the suffix "son" and "head" :
Tables and chairs wood and stone
(4), location:
The wall, the river, the sky, the earth
5. The word after the overlapping form of the verb:
Think about your brother and grandma. Talk about jumping
6. The trend of the verb:
Get out, get in, get up, get in, get it
(7) the second syllable of some commonly used disyllabic words is habitually spoken softly:
Understand warm radish glass grapes know things clothes eyes
I, you, and he are the same. Call me, ask you, trouble him.
3、轻声的规律
普通话多数轻声同词汇、语法有密切联系:
4. Make a pact
No rules of grammar to follow, we need to accumulate one by one. However, as long as pay attention, can also sum up a little rule. Examples are as follows:
1) two-syllable words ending in "yao" :
Soft voice: so so how what so
2) two-syllable words ending in "when" :
Soft voice: the line is safe and steady
Light reading: activities
3) two-syllable words ending in "paste" :
Softly: vague and vague
4) two-syllable words ending in "fast" :
Soft voice: diligent refreshing cool
Light reading: fun
5) two-syllable words ending in "quantity" :
Soft voice: size up to consider
Light reading: measure strength
6) two-syllable words ending in "home" :
Soft voice: somebody else enemy family family boss mother-in-law home home
Light read: connoisseers and elders
7) some two-syllable words ending with "carpenter" :
Whisper: carpenter, blacksmith, stonemason (but "craftsman" is not whisper)
8) two-syllable words ending in "qi" :
Soft voice: strength luck polite generous stingy delicate temper lucky
Light read: look and be disagreeable and unlucky, be ambitious and loyal
9) two-syllable words ending in "real" :
Soft voice: solid solid solid solid honest
Light read: honesty
10) some words ending in "get" :
Soft voice: too lazy not to help
Light reading: remember to know what makes it worth it
Be reluctant to do STH.
11) two-syllable words ending in "people" :
Soft voice: father-in-law love matchmaker
Light read: other host guest worker witness lady
12) two-syllable words ending in "place" :
Light reading: disadvantages advantages disadvantages advantages advantages advantages usefulness difficult place to live
13) some two-syllable words ending with "knowledge" :
Soft voice: knowledge knowledge
14) some two-syllable words ending in "live" :
Soft voice: happy busy feed
15) two-syllable words ending in "fu" :
Soft voice: brother-in-law doctor husband kung fu fu fu
16). Two-syllable words ending in "should" :
Whisper: yes
Light reading: retribution
17) two-syllable words ending with "tao" :
Soft voice: the door road road kindness
Light read: justice knows taste deals
4、约定俗成
无语法规律可循,需要我们一个一个积累。不过,只要留心,也可以总结出一点规律。举例如下:
The soft syllables following Yin ping should be semi-low-key (2 degrees).
The soft syllable after yangping should be medium tone (3 degrees).
The soft syllables following the up tone should be semi-high (4 degrees)
The soft syllable following the tone should be low-key (1 degree)
阴平后面的轻声音节应为半低调(2度)
阳平后面的轻声音节应为中调(3度)
Putonghua proficiency test with a must read soft words table
1. This table is compiled according to the table of words for putonghua proficiency test.
2. This table is for the second item of putonghua proficiency test -- reading multi-syllable words (100 syllables).
3. There are 545 entries in this table (206 entries ending in "zi"), arranged in alphabetical order of Chinese pinyin.
1 lover 2 case 3 slap 4 handle 5 handle 6 dad
White clean 8 group 9 boards 10. Help 11. Bangzi 12 arms
16. Forgive me. 17. Steamed stuffed bun 18 leopards
19 cup 20 quilt 21 skill 22 book 23 nose 24
Whip 26 shoulder pole 27 braid 28 cross 29 cake 30 stir
31 neck 32 dustpan 33 patch 34 couldn't help but 35 don't care 36 steps
Part 38 tailor 39 rich man 40 flies 41 errands 42 firewood
43 intestines 44 factory 45 yard 46 car 47 call 48 pool
49 ruler 50 worm 51 silk 52 except 53 hoe 54 beast
55 window 56 window 57 hammer 58 hedgehog 59 make do with 60 village
61 flopsy 62 promise 63 dress up 64 rbi 65 kill 66 look
67 plan 68 inquire 69 generous 70 uncle 71 doctor 72 belt
73 bags 74 delay 75 delay 76 lists 77 courage 78 burden
79 knife 80 Taoist priest 81 rice 82 lantern 83 beware 84 flute
85 dizi 86 tunnel 87 place 88 younger brother 89 brothers 90 dim sum
91 tune 92 nail 93 club 94 thing 95 movement 96 move
Bean curd 98 bean 99 mumble 100 belly 101 belly 102 satin
103 versus 104 versus 105 versus 106 versus 108 sons
109 ears 110 dealer 111 house 112 member 113 kite 114 madman
115 blessing 116 axe 117 lid 118 sugarcane 119 pole 120 pole
121 director 122 liangzi 123 sorghum 124 plaster 125 manuscript 126 told
Brother 129 arms 130 dove 131 lattice 132 stature
133roots 134gongfu 135bow 137gongfu 138gongfu
Hook 140 aunt 141 girl 142 millet 143 bone 144 story
145 widows 146 coats 147 monsters 148 ties 150 cans
Girl 154 devil 155 cabinet 156 stick
157 pot 158 fruit 159 toad 160 child 161 ambiguity 162 man
163line 164contract 165and 166walnut 168box 168flourishing
169 monkey 170 head 171 kindness 172 fox 173 hu qin 174 silly
175 emperor 176 front 177 carrot 178 lively 179 heat 180 buddy
181 nurse 182 smart 183 spine 184 mark 185 memory 186 clip
187 guys 188 frames 189 racks 190 dowry 191 spikes 192 cocoons
Scissors 194 insights 195 shuttlecock 196 will 197 friendship 198 dumplings
200 sedan chair 201 strong 202 neighborhood 203 brother-in-law 204 sister
205 ring 206 gold 207 spirit 208 mirror 209 uncle 210 orange
A: excuse me, please. B: excuse me, please
217 holes 220 trousers 221 happy 222 chopsticks
223 frame 224 difficult 225 broad-minded 226 bugle 227 lama 228 basket
229 lazy 230 wave head 231 wife 232 honest 233 old lady 234 old man
235 master 236 Lao tze 237 grandma 238 cumbersome 239 fence 240 inside
241strength 242formidable 2424agility 245examples 246chestnuts
Dysentery 248 trouble 249 curtain 250 cool 251 food 252 couples
2525p2525collar 257 walk 258 deaf
Cage 260 stove 261 way 262 wheels 263 turnip 264 mule
Mama 267 trouble 268 ma li 269 ma zi 270 careless
271 wharf 272 buying and selling 273 wheat 274 steamed bread 276 rush
277 hat 278 eyebrows 279 matchmaker 280 sister 281 door 282 narrowing
283 confused 284 face 285 slim 286 head 287 names 288
289 clear 290 mushroom 291 blur 292 carpenter 293 wood 294 so
297 brains, 298 brains, 299 brains, 300 you
301 chant 302 idea 303 home 304 tweezers 305 minions 306 son-in-law
Malaria 309 time 310 archway 311 brand 312 calculation
Plate 314 fat man 317 roe deer 316 plate 317 friend 318 shed
Temper 320 leather 321 ruffian 322 butt 323 film 324 cheap
325 cheater 326 ticket 327 beautiful 328 bottle 329 mother-in-law 330
331 bedding 332 bully 333 flag 334 front 335 pliers 336 eggplant
337 relatives 338 diligent 339 know 340 in-laws 341 tune 342 circle
343 fist 344 skirt 345 lively 346 family 347 people 348 know
349 day 350 mattress 351 stopper 352 throat 353 sister-in-law 354 broom
Sand 356 fool 357 fan 358 discuss 359 boss 360 above
Pancake 362 spoon 363 master 364 whistle 365 tongue 366 body
Aunt 369 business 370 cattle 371 rope 372 master
Master 373 374 lice 375 lion 376 stonemason 377 pomegranate 378 stone
379 380 is 381 pick up 382 command 383 sophisticated 384 like
Persimmon 387 harvest 388 pack 389 jewelry 390 uncle
391 comb 392 comfortable 393 comfortable 394 neglect 395 frank 396 think hard
397 counts 398 years 399 grandchildren 400 them 401 them 402 them
403 table 404 Mrs. 405 stall 406 jar 407 blanket 408 peaches
409 spy 410 ladder 411 hooves 412 picky 413 pick 414
Flea 416 blacksmith 417 pavilion 418 hair 419 head 420 rabbits
421 appropriate 422 spit 423 dig 424 doll 425 socks 426 night
427 tail 428 grievance 429 in order to 430 position 431 seat 432 mosquito
We 435 room 436 rare 437 mat 438 daughter-in-law
439 like 440 blind man 441 box 442 jaw 443 scare Mr. 444
The young man 450 is stingy
Thank you 454 mind 455 star 456 gorilla
457 luggage 458 temperament 459 brothers 460 rest 461 scholar 462 elegant
Sleeve 464 boots 465 student 466 learning 467 maid 468 ducks
469 yamen 470 dumb 472 rouge 472 chimney 473 eyes 474 swallow
475 yangge 476 feed 477 appearance 478 call 479 goblin 480 keys
Grandpa 483 leaves 484 lifetime 485 clothes 486 clothes
487 chair 488 meaning 489 silver 490 shadow 491 social intercourse 492 grapefruit
493 wronged 494 courtyard 495 moon cake 496 moon 497 cloud 498 luck
499 care about 500 we 501 morning 502 how 503 solid 504 blink
House 507 stockade 508 luo 509 husband 510 tent
511 guren 512 account 513 hello 514 signboard 515 toss 516 this
517 so 518 pillow 519 town 520 sesame 521 knowledge 522 nephew
523 nails useful ǐ ji ɑ (useful and ji ɑ) 524 fingers useful ǐ tou (zhitou) 525 seeds
Pearl 527 bamboo 528 idea zh shang yi(zhuyi) 529 master 530 pillars
Zhuangzi 535 zhuang zhuang 536 number one
537 awl 538 table 539 no. 549-541 zongzi 542 ancestor
Zuomo in workshop 545
普通话水平测试用必读轻声词表
1.本表根据《普通话水平测试用普通话词语表》编制。
Read the list of required words
(1) affixes of "zi"
Case when firing a group board bangzi arm bonzi steamed stuffed bun quilt book nose whip braid leopards cup cake neck steps intestines factory car pool ruler worm burden knife daring silk hammer village band bag list beans rice the flute base tone nail belly belly satin moths dealer house lid pole pole axe Script pigeon child root root bow hook millet waistcoat jar devil stick pot fruit child man box monkey front clip cocoon son scissors shuttlecock jiaozi sedan chair gold mirror orange sentence book keenan empty button pants chopsticks frame basket old man Lao tzu example
Chestnut curtain couple wood feather deaf cage stove way wheel mule
Pockbook wheat cap face brain tweezers beat son brand * plate fat roe deer plate plate plate shanzi leather rascal plate cheater ticket bottle flag pliers eggplant song circle skirt day
Mattress stopper throat sister-in-law sand fool fan spoon whistle body aunt rope lice lion persimmon comb grandson * taizi stand stand blanket ladder hoof pick up son tiaozi pavilion head rabbit socks seat mosquito house mat blind box box boy boy
Coat-sleeve boots duck swallow appearance coconut leaf lifetime chair silver shadow
Yard, house, stockade, tent, nephew, seed, bead, bamboo, main pillar, claw, zhuangzi
Table zongzi with shape shaped cone
(2) affixes of "head"
Hoe can at the back of the wave inside the dock steamed bread miao head wood idea ahead *
Fist * tongue rock girl pillow * finger
(3) appellation
Father big ye younger brother brother son elder brother father-in-law daughter brother-in-law sister uncle wife
Grandma mother sister grandma son-in-law mother-in-law uncle wife * baby * brother * father-in-law
(4) verbs
For example, Dally couldn't help but care about except to agree
Dress up, dress up, dress up, dress up, dress up, dress up, dress up, dress up, dress up, dress up, dress up, dress up, dress up, dress up, dress up, dress up
Cope with tell delay will be called cough lazy lazy walk
Careless busy narrowing difficult to talk about the idea of bullying to discuss the muddle
Pick up the thought plan sarcasm like * thank you * rest * feed shouted
Social intercourse care about blinking hello * toss around pondering *
(5) adjective words
White and clean uncomfortable generous tunnel to the right vague red fire kindness confused lively
Clever and firm spirit happy difficulties rich honest cumbersome calendar harm agile
Lisuo cool trouble hazarded slim understand fuzzy warm cheap
Beautiful * diligent clear * lively * really worldly comfortable negligence frank
Fault properly wronged * safe rare scare stingy delicate solid
Strong and comfortable *
(6) others
For * how * this * so * *
(7) noun class
Lover hand helper stick stick burden ability shoulder pole dustpan patch part
Tailor rich fly errands firewood call beast window hedgehog doctor
Taoist lantern local dim sum club east and west sound tofu team ears
Waste lucky sugar cane officer sorghum plaster knot arm somersaulting
Kung fu aunt girl bone story widow monster relationship lawsuit rules
Toad hang contract monk walnut fox hu qin emperor carrot
Fire attendant nurse spine marker guy dowry view
Friendship neighborhood ring pocket hole horn lama old lady master fence
Energy dysentery food radish camel business eyebrow matchmaker
Name mushroom carpenter's head can withstand your mother's slave malaria archway
Friends * temper * buttocks * mother-in-law bed relatives * in-laws family people broom
Boss baked bread master business cattle master master stonemason pomegranate time
Things harvest jewelry age they * spy flea blacksmith hair * spit
Evening * tail horse * position * we * daughter-in-law * Mr. Chin * countryside * crosstalk news *
Laughing * mind * star * gorilla luggage * xiucai students * knowledge * yamen dumb
Rouge cigarette eyes yangge goblin key * clothes * clothes * grapefruit moon cake
Moon * cloud luck we * morning * fence husband * tent signboard sesame
Knowledge * nail ideas * crops * mouth * workshop
必读轻声词表
(一)“子”缀词