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Learn these two tricks to make your students love surprise Chinese classes!
There is no doubt that a happy and successful classroom needs advanced teaching ideas to lead, scientific teaching methods to implement, and effective management measures to guarantee.
毋庸置疑，快乐的、成功的课堂，需要有先进的教学理念去引领，科学的教学方法去贯彻，同时也需要有效的管理措施作为保障。
I who teaches at the university of Kentucky Confucius institute subordinate to teach -- than edgewood independent jiada primary school, this semester in grade three, four, a total of eight of the Chinese version of the class of 216 students, as the "class" teaching, that I have a fixed office, but there is no fixed Chinese classroom, need according to the schedule to go to different classes.
我任教于美国肯塔基大学孔子学院下属教学点——比奇伍德独立学区小学部，本学期教三、四年级共八个班216名学生的中文课程，为“走班”教学，即我有固定的办公室，但没有固定的中文教室，需要按照课程表去不同的班级上课。
In primary school, there is a home teacher in each class. During the Chinese class, the home teacher helps manage the students in the classroom. Theoretically speaking, the classroom with two teachers present should be very orderly. However, I find it interesting that some phenomena are borderless in class management. For example, the class management style of the head teacher is different and the class order is also different, which is the case in both China and the United States.
小学阶段每个班级都有一个班主任（home teacher）驻班，上中文课的时候，班主任在教室内协助管理学生。理论上讲，两个老师在场的课堂应该是非常有秩序的，不过，我发现有趣的一点是，在班级管理方面，有的现象是没有国界的，比如班主任治班风格不同，课堂秩序也不尽相同，在中美两国都是如此。
The poor classroom order caused by the lack of classroom management will inevitably affect the smooth implementation of the teaching process and ultimately affect the teaching effect.
课堂管理欠缺导致的课堂秩序不佳，必然影响到教学过程的顺利实施，从而最终影响教学效果。
I would like to share with you my long experience in classroom management.
下面我分享一下自己长期以来在课堂管理方面的一些经历，欢迎大家指正。
Writing this heading, I remembered a phrase I had recently learned: tough love. It can be translated simply as "zheng love." My understanding is that strictness is an expression of love and a sign of conscientiousness. I think that's exactly what we need to keep in mind as we teach.
写下这个标题的时候，我想起了我最近学到的一个词组：tough love, 可以简单译为“诤爱”。我的理解是，严格是爱的表达方式，是尽责的表现。我觉得这恰好就是我们在教书育人过程中需要铭记的。
Treat students, especially students who disturb the order of the classroom, both strict requirements, and to have love, can not be put because the students repeatedly naughty trouble. If education lacks strictness and responsibility, what is left is not love.
对待学生，特别是扰乱课堂秩序的学生，既要严格要求，又要有爱心，不能因为学生三番五次调皮捣蛋就放之任之。如果教育缺失了严格、缺失了责任，剩下的也就不是爱了。
Classroom to achieve orderly, supporting the system is indispensable.
课堂要做到井然有序，配套的制度不可或缺。
First of all, it is a good idea to integrate with the management mechanism of the school and the head teacher. For example, I will give feedback to the head teacher about the outstanding students, so that they can be reflected in Class Dojo and Rainbow Chart.
首先，与学校和班主任的管理机制有机结合是一个良策，比如我会将表现突出的学生反馈给班主任老师，让他们在Class Dojo和Rainbow Chart上有所体现。
However, as it is a class-based teaching, I have come up with Five Basic Rules in Mandarin Class that are universally recognized by everyone on the basis of fully investigating the "public opinion" :
不过，因为是走班教学，我在充分考察“民意”的基础上，出台了大家都一致认可的中文课堂五大基本准则(Five Basic Rules in Mandarin Class)：
These five basic principles from the establishment of that day, has been implemented until today, it is my evaluation of students a ruler, is my implementation of rewards and punishments the most basic standards. The purpose of reward and punishment is to strengthen students' sense of discipline.
这五项基本准则从确立那天起，就一直实施到今天，它是我评价学生的一把标尺，是我实施奖罚的最基本标准。而奖罚的目的是强化学生的纪律意识。
On the day the code was passed, I led the students to explain each of them, so that they could know what the purpose of the requirement was. This is to do in the subsequent teaching of good students or students who violate the rules and regulations can carry out rational, beneficial, section, fair, just, open treatment.
准则通过的当天，我专门带领学生对每一条都进行了说明，让学生知道这样要求的目的是什么。这样做是为了在后续的教学中对做得好的同学或者违纪违规的同学能进行有理、有利、有节，公平、公正、公开的处理。
Especially in the early implementation, repeated strengthening. For example, in class, first count the number of students in each group who are required to put their Chinese folders or notebooks on the desk, get ready for class, and announce which group is outstanding and which one is not. This repeated comparison several times, the habit of students formed, now I go to class, students can hold the notebook high in the hand, even in case I forget, remind me to check.
特别是在实施初期，反复强化。比如上课时，先统计每个小组中按要求将中文文件夹或笔记本放在桌上，做好上课准备的同学人数，宣布哪些组表现突出，哪些同学这次没有做好准备。这样反复比较几次，学生的习惯就形成了，现在我去上课，学生都能把笔记本高高地举在手中，甚至怕我忘了，提醒我检查。
The prize is a prize
该奖则奖，能奖则奖
In fact, I am not worried that students get too many awards and become complacent. On the contrary, I don't mean to send certificates and awards to students, and rewards are many, such as I will go to the supermarket to buy fortune cookies (cookies) and jelly, or Party City supermarket buy coin chocolate such as "instant sense" and "visual sense" prize as encouragement, of course, there are many other types of rewards, including can serve as the attendant, time broadcasters "privilege" reward (privilege).
其实，我并不担心学生获得太多的奖励而变得骄傲自满。相反，我从不吝啬对学生发奖状和奖励，而且奖励的东西有很多，比如我会去超市买fortune cookie（幸运饼干）和果冻，或者Party City超市买硬币巧克力这样兼具“即食感”和“即视感”的奖品作为鼓励，当然也有其它多种类型的奖励，包括可以担任值日生、时间播报员等“特权”奖励（privilege）。
It is about what the prize is and when the prize is awarded, first of all, it is to abide by the "five basic principles", then it is to answer challenging questions or win challenging games, or the Best Dancer/Singer and so on that emerged in the warming up activities. In short, as long as outstanding, can be rewarded. In English, I choose extra-ordinary.
这是关于奖什么，至于什么时候奖，首先是遵守“五项基本准则”，然后就是回答了challenging questions或者赢了challenging games，再或者是在热身活动中（warming up activities）涌现出来的Best Dancer/Singer等。简而言之，一句话，只要突出，就可奖励，用英语单词说，我选择Extra-ordinary，超出一般，就是非凡，凡是卓越，即可获奖。
Above spoke about award what, what circumstance can win the problem of award, below I talk about the problem of how award emphatically, namely award method. Here, I will focus on the commendation letter reward mechanism that I have been using.
上面讲了关于奖什么，什么情形可获奖的问题，下面我重点谈谈怎样奖的问题，也就是奖励办法。在这里，我重点介绍我一直使用的表扬信奖励机制。
First of all, let me describe the characteristics of this kind of commendatory letter.
首先，我描述一下这种表扬信的特征。
When I was teaching high school students in China, I once visited an online store and found a kind of commendatory letter for kindergarten and primary school students. It was beautifully designed and cheap. Then I implemented this system in the class I taught in high school, which was linked to the class rules. When the money was in circulation, the prize was redeemed accumulatively, and the result was very good.
当我还在国内教高中生的时候，有次逛网店，发现一种幼儿园和小学低年级阶段的表扬信，设计精美，价格便宜。然后我就在高中任教班级推行这种制度，与班级班规挂钩，当货币流通，累计兑奖，结果发现效果非常好。
After I came to the United States to teach primary school students, I began to design commendation letters by myself. In combination with my previous experience in domestic high schools, I also issued commendation letters in primary schools.
来到美国教小学生后，我就开始自行设计表扬信，结合之前在国内高中的经验，在小学也发放表扬信。
When I came back to China last summer vacation, I specially brought back some commendatory letters printed in China and the RMB for teaching. Later, I found that the one designed by myself was the best. Because I can design it in both Chinese and English, while the printed version of the commendation letter is only in Chinese, and the face value of the coin used for teaching is too much. When students take this kind of commendation letter home to show off, their parents can know the message conveyed above.
去年暑假回国期间，我还特意带回了一些国内印刷的表扬信和教学用的人民币，后来实践发现，还是自己设计的这种最好用。因为我可以设计成中英双语，而印刷版本的表扬信只有中文，教学用的钱币面值太多，这种表扬信学生拿回家炫耀的时候，家长能知道上面传达的信息。如：Today your kid did a pretty good job during the Chinese class and thus deserved this honour. I expect his/her more outstanding performance.
It looks like this
打印出来是这样的
After students get the commendation letter cherish this honor, in addition to take home to show off, and the whole class outside the classroom wall pasted with commendation letter, this is their glory, but also my pride!
学生获得表扬信后很珍惜这种荣誉，除了带回家炫耀一番，还有的班整个把教室外的墙壁上贴满了表扬信，这是他们的荣耀，也是我的骄傲！
This is the look on the face of the student when he gets the letter of commendation
学生获得表扬信的时候是这样的表情
Personally, I pay a lot of attention to this sense of ceremony, so I try to hold a ceremony when presenting the award, and many other kinds of honor derived from the commendation letter, such as "team of the month" or "good boy" title:
我个人很注重这种仪式感，所以颁奖的时候我尽可能举行一个仪式，并且由表扬信衍生了很多其它类型的荣誉，比如有“月度最佳小组”或者“好孩子”等称号：
Secondly, I will talk about how to use a compliment letter.
其次，我来讲述一下如何使用表扬信。
In practice, I found that some students accidentally lost the commendation letter when they took it home to show off. Before that, a student accidentally lost the commendation letter and even called me to ask me to send a new one. Later, I came up with a solution. I pasted a sticker from China at the signature of the teacher on each commendation letter and sent it to the winning students. At the same time, each student was given a statistical form specially for Posting the commendation letter with Numbers on it. In this way, students can take off the sticker on the commendation letter and stick it on their summary form. The sticker has the same effect as the commendation letter, so if only the commendation letter is lost or just the sticker is lost, there will be no impact.
在实践中，我发现，有些学生将表扬信带回家炫耀的时候有不慎丢失的情形，之前有个学生不小心弄丢了表扬信，还特意打电话请求我补发一张。后来我就想了一个办法，在每张表扬信上的教师签名处贴上一个中国带来的贴纸再发给获奖学生，同时每位同学都发一张专门张贴表扬信的统计表，上面标注有数字。这样学生获得表扬信后将表扬信上的贴纸揭下来贴在自己的汇总表上，贴纸与表扬信作用相同，这样如果只是表扬信丢了或者只是贴纸丢了就没有什么影响。
And if they are lost, even if it is really careless, I will not reissue, my explanation is, "I'm sorry, you did not cherish the honor you won, I can't reissue it to you, try again next time", this is what I said "right". The following picture was taken by one of my classmates. I don't remember how many honors she won, but she was well preserved.
而如果都丢了，即便是真的不小心，我也不会补发，我的解释是，“很抱歉，你没有珍惜你赢得的荣誉，我无法补发给你，下次再努力吧”，这就是我所说的“有理”。下面这张图，是我拍的一个同学的，我不记得她获得了多少荣誉，但是她保存完好，给我看的时候如数家珍。
As for the use of the commendation letter, it is very simple to make the commendation letter act as a coin, which can be bought as the above mentioned "physical objects", as well as "privileges", such as the Teacher's Assistant position, and exercise the specific rights I have stipulated, such as the lead singer and the sending and receiving of learning materials. When these positions are awarded to outstanding students at a certain stage, I will have a little ceremony and issue a formal letter of appointment.
关于表扬信的使用方法，很简单，就是让表扬信充当钱币的角色，可以买到前面所说的各种“实物”，还可以买到“特权”，如教师助理（Teacher's Assistant）职位，行使我规定的特定权利，比如领唱和学习资料收发资料等。授予某个阶段优秀学生这些职位时，我会搞个小仪式，发正式的聘书。
In addition, you can buy the belleye, princess dress and rent a chance to wear such clothes in class and at home.
此外，还可以买到贝勒爷、格格装租用一次的机会，穿着这样的服装在课堂上和回家都很拉风。
The "consumption place" of commendation letter is my office, the student can choose the goods on shelf (bookshelf) independently, mark the price clearly, make some special price or clearance price occasionally pull atmosphere. Students can either "get it and get it" or "buy" a huge prize at a time.
表扬信的“消费场所”就是我的办公室，学生可以自主选择货架（书架）上的物品，明码标价，偶尔搞些特价或者清仓价拉动气氛。学生可以“即得即消”，也可以累积起来一次性“买”个丰厚的物品（奖品）。
I will also set a deadline at the end of the semester, and limit the expiration date to be invalid. I will arrange the last class of the semester as a film and television course, and all students will watch the film. Then I will sit in the back of the classroom, set up a booth and start accepting "consumption" (exchange). In this way, did not exchange the award can quietly find me to exchange the award, has already exchanged the award or did not get the letter of commendation sit in place quietly watching the movie.
我还会在学期末的时候规定一个截止日期，限定过期作废，安排学期最后一堂课为影视课，所有学生看电影，然后我坐到教室后面，摆个摊子开始接受“消费”（兑换）。这样，没兑奖的可以静悄悄地找我兑奖，已经兑过奖的或者没有获得表扬信的就坐在原地安安静静地看电影。
When the penalty penalty, equally
当罚则罚，一视同仁
For rewards, I use testimonials, and for punishments, I use warning CARDS. For the warning card, I chose the most eye-catching color and added a sad "face". I would definitely tell my students that if they broke any of the five basic rules, they would get a warning, they would get a warning card.
在奖励方面，我使用了表扬信，那么在惩罚方面，我则使用了警示卡。制作警示卡时我选择了最醒目的颜色，加个忧伤的“脸”。我会斩钉截铁地告诉学生，只要违反了五项基本准则，就会被给予警告，收到警示卡。
As for individual students receiving the fifth or even the sixth punishment, I will analyze specific problems and follow up and deal with them until the students' behavior is corrected.
至于个别学生会收到第五次甚至第六次处罚的情形，我会具体问题具体分析，跟进处理，直到学生的行为得到矫正。
I insist on a reward and punishment, punishment is necessary, the same. If you make a mistake, you must pay the corresponding price, which has nothing to do with whether a teacher is tolerant enough to students. As mentioned above, tough love is a kind of responsible behavior, because being responsible and strict is a kind of love.
我坚持有奖有罚，罚很必要，一视同仁。犯错了就必须付出相应的代价，这与评价一个老师对待学生是否足够宽容无关，如前文中所讲，tough love就是需要一种负责任的行为，因为负责任与严格本身就是一种爱的方式。
Therefore, especially for the students who disturb the order of the class, I will not take unreasonable ways to punish these students who make mistakes repeatedly, but I will punish him in a more operational way, at least let him feel knowingly repeat the mistakes, repeated indoctrinate will make him very troublesome.
所以特别是对于上课扰乱课堂秩序的学生，我不会采取不合乎情理的方式去处罚这些屡犯错误的学生，但是我会以操作性比较强的方式去处罚他，至少让他感到明知故犯、屡教不改会让他很麻烦。
For example, he often needs to go to the office with me and finish the homework I assign him to make up for wasting time in class. Gradually, he felt that making mistakes was not so exciting, but rather troublesome.
比如需要经常跟我一起去办公室、完成我布置给他弥补浪费课堂时间的作业。慢慢地，他就觉得犯错误并不那么刺激，还挺麻烦的。
, of course, as previously mentioned, or run the flag, so, in this way students "transform", to make use of dialogue with the students the opportunity to enlighten students, for example, I recently for a regular talk loud in class, students of punishment, let it to the location specified sitting alone in me, I specified learning task, and the task to be written, with static braking. Before each class, I made an evaluation, and the full score was 100. Only after I passed the grading and acceptance, could the class be dismissed.
当然，如前文所说，还是攻心为上，所以，在以这种方式“改造学生”的时候，要利用与学生对话的机会开导学生，比如我最近对一个经常上课大声讲话，屡禁不止的学生进行处罚，让其单独坐在我指定的位置，完成我指定的学习任务，而且这种任务是书面的，以静制动。每次课前我进行评估，满分100，我打分验收通过才能下课，马虎潦草就需要返工重做。
For the above reward and punishment measures, I asked the head teacher of the school for instructions. After confirming that there was no conflict with the relevant system of the school, they were fully implemented. Until now, they have been continuously improved and optimized. Another trick I learned from native American teachers was "secret student (s)", which was combined with compliment letters and warning CARDS. In other words, two "secret students" were selected for secret evaluation before each class.
对于以上奖惩措施，我特别请示过任教学校的班主任老师，经确认与学校的相关制度没有抵触之处后才全面推行，直到今天，其间不断改进、优化。从美国本土老师这里我还学了一招，“secret student（s）”，将其与表扬信和警示卡结合起来，即每堂课课前选定两位“Secret student”进行秘密评估。
This is done by writing the Numbers from the student list on a card, putting them into a white envelope, stuffing two CARDS randomly from the white envelope into the red envelope before class (no public information is allowed), and then starting the class.
具体做法是，将学生名单中的号码写在卡片上，装入一个白色的信封，课前从白色信封里随机抽取两张卡片塞入红色信封中（不得外露信息），然后开始上课。
Notified before open the red envelopes, red envelope number corresponding to the students, to evaluate their classroom performance, as long as adhere to the five basic principles that qualified, issue testimonials as a letter, otherwise, issue a warning card, comparison of the five basic principles, congratulations on received testimonials as classmates, to point out students who receive a yellow warning card is insufficient, to lead the good classroom behavior.
下课前将红色信封打开，通报红色信封内的号码对应的学生，评估其课堂表现，只要遵守了五项基本准则就认定合格，颁发表扬信一封，否则，颁发警示卡一张，对照五项基本准则，对收到表扬信的同学表示祝贺，为收到黄色警示卡的同学指出不足，以引领良好的课堂行为。
