Opportunities and challenges of Chinese communication

The most important medium for communication between countries is language, which is the preferred tool for people to exchange ideas. Learning languages of different countries is the basis and premise for cooperation. "One Belt And One Road" provides an opportunity for language communication, but in the face of this opportunity, there are also many challenges. In the process of promoting the national language, due to the limitations of the transmitting country's international status, conditions, experience and other factors, as well as the constraints of different characteristics of different receiving countries, the language transmission of countries along the "One Belt And One Road" will present different opportunities and challenges.

国家之间交流最重要的媒介是语言，它是人们交流思想的首选工具，学习不同国家的语言是展开合作的基础和前提。“一带一路”为语言的交流提供了机遇，但在面对这一机遇的同时，也存在着诸多挑战。在推广本国语言的过程中，由于传播国自身国际地位、条件、经验等因素的限制，以及不同接受国不同特征的制约，会使得“一带一路”沿线国家的语言传播呈现出不同的机会和挑战。

Language use, survival and development are inseparable from the social and economic environment. After the "One Belt And One Road" initiative was put forward, countries along the belt and road actively cultivate Chinese language talents in order to seek economic contacts with China, so as to break the language barrier and communicate with each other smoothly in future cooperation. The international demand for Chinese learning is increasing, which is a good momentum in the process of internationalization of Chinese and a great opportunity for the international spread of Chinese.

First, the increasing demand for international Chinese teachers is an opportunity brought by the "One Belt And One Road" initiative. At present, the main force of the international dissemination of Chinese is still a group of international Chinese teachers. Every year, hanban and other administrative agencies will strictly evaluate and screen applicants, and send a large number of excellent Chinese teachers to Confucius institutes around the world. At the same time, there are many foreign students who apply to study Chinese in China and devote themselves to becoming a Chinese teacher.

其一，国际汉语教师需求量的增加是“一带一路”倡议带来的机遇。现阶段，汉语在国际上传播的主力军仍然是一批批国际汉语教师。每年国家汉办等管理机构都会严格考核、筛选报名人选，向全世界孔子学院派出大量优秀汉语教师。同时，也有许多外国留学生申请来中国学习汉语，致力于成长为一名汉语教师。

Second, the "One Belt And One Road" initiative has brought the spread of Chinese culture carried by the Chinese language. The cooperation between countries under the "One Belt And One Road" initiative is increasingly close. The premise and basis of cooperation should be the understanding of both sides or multiple cultures, so as to avoid misunderstanding in communication. Based on the understanding of each other's culture, objectively judge whether each other is worthy of trust and cooperation. This makes countries along the "One Belt And One Road" eager to understand Chinese culture. For China, this is an opportunity to carry forward its fine traditional culture and "go global". The implementation of the "One Belt And One Road" cultural development action plan aims to strengthen communication with the people of countries and regions along the "One Belt And One Road", effectively promote cultural exchanges, cultural communication, cultural trade and innovative development. It includes specific activity plans on promoting Chinese culture and strengthening cultural exchanges with other countries.

In fact, a large number of international Chinese teachers themselves are ambassadors of Chinese culture. While teaching Chinese courses, they bring the perspectives, personalities and behaviors shaped by Chinese culture to other countries and present them daily, bringing vivid cultural images to ordinary people in other countries.

事实上，大量国际汉语教师本身就是中华文化的使者，在讲授汉语课程的同时，把中华文化塑造过的视角、个性、行为方式带到了其他国家，并日日呈现，给对方国家普通百姓带去了文化的生动形象。

The spread of Chinese language and Chinese culture is generally optimistic at present, but everything in the process of development always twists and turns, opportunities and challenges coexist. Internationally, as the world's lingua franca, English still retains its dominant position, and it is easier for the nations belonging to the indo-european language family to master English belonging to the same language family. However, Chinese characters themselves are not syllabic and are difficult to be easily acquired by indo-european speakers like English. The international communication of Chinese is bound to face the test of English as the dominant international language. At the same time, when international communication of Chinese language faces different recipient countries, different recipient countries' language policies, cultural characteristics and people's psychological characteristics will put forward specific requirements for Chinese language communication, which need to adjust Chinese language communication strategies and strive to localize Chinese education.

汉语及中华文化的传播目前看来总体情况还是乐观的，但是任何事物在发展过程中总是曲曲折折，机遇与挑战并存。从国际上看，作为世界通用语的英语仍保持着其主导地位，属于印欧语系的民族更容易掌握属于同一语系的英语。而汉字本身并不属于音节文字，难以像英语一样为印欧语系的人们轻松习得。汉语的国际传播必然面临英语作为国际主导语言的考验。同时，汉语国际传播在面对不同的接受国时，不同的接受国自身的语言政策、文化特征与民众的心理特征都会对汉语传播提出具体的要求，需要调整汉语传播策略，力求使汉语教育本土化。

Whether official or non-official, how to ensure the quality of local Chinese teachers in recipient countries is a problem that cannot be ignored. As a country that disseminates Chinese language, how to ensure that local Chinese teachers in receiving countries truly understand the Chinese culture carried by Chinese language and even help promote the excellent traditional Chinese culture is the deep-seated problem behind Chinese language transmission. At the same time, whether the spread of Chinese culture, which is accompanied by the spread of Chinese language, can be understood and accepted by the people of the receiving countries is another important issue we are facing. China needs the world to have a correct understanding of China. It is hoped that the recipient countries will have an objective understanding of China through learning Chinese and the spread of Chinese culture, so as to avoid the previous unobjective remarks and behaviors.

无论是官方还是非官方机构，如何确保汉语接受国本地汉语教师的质量是一个不容忽视的问题。作为汉语传播国的中国，如何确保接受国本土汉语教师真正理解汉语所承载的中华文化，甚至帮助弘扬中华优秀传统文化，是汉语传播背后的深层次问题。同时，汉语传播过程中伴随的中华文化的传播，是否得到接受国人民的理解和接纳，是我们面临的又一重要问题。中国需要世界正确认识中国，希望汉语接受国通过汉语学习以及中国文化的传播，客观认识和理解中国，避免先前的不客观言论和行为。

From the domestic perspective, whether the country can pay more attention to and increase investment in language and culture has become an important factor that influences whether Chinese language and Chinese culture can "go out". China needs to stand firm and play a bigger role in the international arena. It needs not only to sustain economic growth, but also to build cultural confidence. This is about education. All kinds of media in the society should also shoulder the important task of disseminating practical cultural content to the masses so that they can have a real understanding of the profound Chinese culture. At the same time, in order to live in peace with the people of the countries along the "One Belt And One Road", in addition to the tourism and cultural industry, cultural exchange activities and other ways to realize the Chinese culture "go out", the foreign teaching of Chinese is one of the important measures, and the foreign teaching of Chinese is inseparable from more and higher quality international Chinese teachers.

从国内来看，国家是否能在语言文化这方面加大关注，增加投入，也成了影响汉语及中华文化能否“走出去”的重要因素。中国在国际舞台上要站稳脚跟，发挥更大的作用，不仅要持续发展经济，而且要确立文化自信。这就涉及教育问题。社会上各种媒体也应该肩负起重任，向人民大众传播符合实际的文化内容，让人民大众对深厚的中华文化有真切的体认。同时，为了与“一带一路”沿线国家人民和平相处，除了通过旅游文化产业、文化交流活动等途径实现中华文化“走出去”，汉语的对外教学是重要的措施之一，而汉语的对外教学离不开更多、更高质量的国际汉语教师。

In the era of global cultural collision, the Chinese language and the Chinese culture it carries need to find appropriate ways to let the people of the world know China and understand Chinese culture. The "One Belt And One Road" initiative has brought both opportunities and challenges to Chinese communication. While seizing the development opportunity, we should take seriously the various problems in Chinese communication.

在全球文化激烈碰撞的时代，汉语及其所承载的中华文化需要寻找适合的途径，让世界人民认识中国，了解中华文化。“一带一路”倡议在为汉语传播带来发展机遇的同时，也带来了挑战。需要在抓紧发展机遇的同时，认真对待汉语传播中出现的多种问题。